In Christian terms, the Bible contains two testaments, old and new. The old contains the history of God's people, pre-Jesus. The new tells the story of Jesus Christ (cruxifiction, resurrection, and eventual return).
Pre-English, what we call the Old Testament was the Greek Septuagint--a translation of the Hebrew Tanakh.
The New Testament was also written in Greek--the scholarly language of the time.
"Testament" comes from testamentum, Latin word (for more on the etymology of the word see https://www.etymonline.com/word/testament)
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